2022 Sulfuric Acid Market Development Report
2022-11-03
2022Annual Sulfuric Acid Market Development Report
Sulfuric acid is the most important oxygen acid of sulfur, and its aqueous solutions of various concentrations are usually used, which are obtained by the tower method and the contact method. At present, China's sulfuric acid production is mainly based on pyrite as raw material, but also part of the heavy non-ferrous metallurgical industry smelting flue gas or gypsum, phosphogypsum as raw materials to produce sulfuric acid. However, with the increase of sulfur supply, more and more new projects choose sulfur as raw material to produce sulfuric acid from the perspective of environmental management, simple production and economy.
At present, the internationally renowned suppliers of sulfuric acid know-how include MECS in the United States, TOPSE in Denmark, CHEMYICS in Canada, OUTOKUMPU in Finland and LURGI in Germany. The sulfuric acid production technology generally used in the industry is more "3 2" two-turn two-suction process, and the use of medium-pressure boilers and economizers to recover sulfur and conversion process waste heat, resulting in medium-pressure superheated steam.
world trade in sulphuric acidStatus quo
2020The total international trade volume of sulfuric acid was 1.01 billion billion US dollars, down 26.0 percent year on year. The total trade volume was 21.764 million tons, up 42.9 percent year on year. From the price point of view, the average export price of sulfuric acid in the world is 46.5 US dollars/ton, a decrease of 48.2.
In terms of imports: In 2020, the world's sulfuric acid imports will mainly come from countries or regions such as the United States, Chile and Morocco. Among them, the United States is the number one importer, with a total annual import of 3.632 million tons, accounting for about 17.4 per cent of the world's total imports; followed by Chile, with a total import of 2.452 million tons, accounting for about 11.7 per cent of the world's total imports; and Morocco ranks third, with a total import of 2.024 million tons, accounting for about 9.7 per cent of the world's total imports.
2020World imports of sulphuric acid (by import value) in
In terms of exports: In 2020, the world's sulfuric acid exports will mainly come from countries or regions such as Japan, South Korea and Qatar. Among them, Japan exported 3.258 million tons of sulfuric acid throughout the year, accounting for about 15.0 per cent of the world's total exports; followed by South Korea, with a total export volume of 3.085 million tons, accounting for about 14.2 per cent of the world's total exports; and Qatar ranked third, with a total export volume of 2.257 million tons, accounting for about 10.4 per cent of the world's total exports. The combined export volume of the above three countries or regions accounts for 39.6 per cent of the world's total trade volume.
2020World exports of sulphuric acid (by export value) in
Current Situation and Forecast of Sulfuric Acid Supply and Demand in China
In recent years, China's sulfuric acid industry has maintained steady development. As of the end of 2021, China's sulfuric acid production capacity is about 137.8 million tons/year, and the output is about 92.268 million tons, an increase of 6.2. The annual operating rate was 67.0 per cent, up 6.9 percentage points year-on-year.
Import and export trade: In 2021, the import volume of sulfuric acid was 415000 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 221000 tons, a decrease of 34.7; the import amount was 51.189 million billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 15.001 million US dollars, an increase of 41.5. In 2021, the export volume of sulfuric acid increased significantly, with the export volume of 2.841 million tons, an increase of 1.118 million tons, an increase of 64.9; the export value was 257.98 million million US dollars, an increase of 242.99 million US dollars.
Apparent consumption: In 2021, China's apparent consumption of sulfuric acid was 89.842 million tons, an increase of 4.044 million tons year-on-year, an increase of 4.7; the self-sufficiency rate was 102.7, an increase of 1.4 percentage points year-on-year.
By the end of 2021, there were about 450 sulphuric acid producers in China with a total capacity of 137.8 million t/a. Sulfuric acid plants in China are mainly concentrated in phosphate compound fertilizer producing areas and industrial developed areas, of which sulfur acid plants are mainly distributed in southwest and east China.
Over the years, China's imports of sulfuric acid have exceeded exports, and the number of imports has basically remained at the level of more than one million tons. In 2018, China changed from a net importer of sulphuric acid to a net exporter for the first time. In 2021, the import volume of sulfuric acid was 415000 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 221000 tons, a decrease of 35.0; the export volume of sulfuric acid was 2.841 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 1.118 million tons, an increase of 64.9.
Although there is a good market in 2021, in the long run, due to the slow growth of phosphate compound fertilizer and industrial acid, coupled with the successive commissioning of new sulfuric acid plants, the situation of overcapacity and market downturn cannot be completely reversed. In the next two years, China will still have new sulfuric acid plants. Affected by national policies and corporate strategic planning, most of the new domestic sulfuric acid production capacity in recent years is smelting acid, and the proportion of sulfuric acid and ore acid is very small. It is worth mentioning that in recent years, domestic refineries produce more and more acid, and refineries produce sulfuric acid through alkylation units, which also increases domestic sulfuric acid production. In the next few years, more refineries will produce sulfuric acid.
Under the guidance of macro policies, the main new production capacity in the future is mostly smelting acid plants. It is expected that there will still be about 3 million tons/year of new production capacity before 2023, and domestic sulfuric acid production capacity will continue to increase. The growth of sulfuric acid demand is mainly affected by the development of phosphate fertilizer industry, followed by the demand for industrial acid. Affected by the zero growth policy of fertilizer, the proportion of fertilizer demand for sulfuric acid will decrease by 15% in 2021. At present, there is a serious overcapacity in the phosphate and compound fertilizer industry. In the future, under the regulation of policies and the market, some backward production capacity of phosphate and compound fertilizer will be eliminated and the utilization rate of phosphate and compound fertilizer will be improved. Although the demand for sulfuric acid from phosphate and compound fertilizer enterprises continues to increase, the overall increase is limited.
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