New construction, expansion capacity of more than 3.66 million tons/year, titanium dioxide overcapacity risk need to be alert.
2023-12-29
After China's accession to the WTO, especially in the 13th Five-Year and 14th Five-Year stages, China's titanium dioxide industry has maintained a steady expansion trend. The average annual growth rate of titanium dioxide production is about 7%, and the growth rate has exceeded the GDP growth rate. At the same time, under the active guidance of policies, the industry is developing rapidly in the direction of environmental protection. The chlorination method with more environmentally friendly production technology has begun to take shape on an industrial scale, and the hydrochloric acid method has also entered the initial stage of industrialization.
China is the world's largest producer of titanium dioxide. In 2022, China's titanium dioxide industry has a total production capacity of 4.87 million tons/year (accounting for 52% of the global total production capacity), with an output of 3.86 million tons and an industry operating rate of 79%. At the same time, China is also the world's largest exporter of titanium dioxide, China's titanium dioxide exports reached 1.41 million tons in 2022. From 2019 to 2022, China's titanium dioxide exports grew rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of 12%. In 2022, China imported about 120000 tons of titanium dioxide, foreign dependence is low, imported products are mainly high-end products.
At present, there are 43 enterprises in the industry, the industry concentration is high, in 2022, the top five enterprises production capacity accounted for 46% of the total domestic production capacity;The output of titanium dioxide in the top ten large enterprises accounts for about 70% of the national output, and the remaining small and medium-sized enterprises account for less than 30%.
Domestic policy encourages chlorination process, but at present, enterprises mostly use sulfuric acid process
Based on the actual situation of natural resource types, the domestic titanium dioxide industry mainly uses the sulfuric acid method to process ilmenite to produce titanium dioxide, and by-product produces a large amount of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; at the same time, the chlorination method is due to high raw material requirements, raw material supply shortage, domestic industry development is slow.China's titanium dioxide industry consumption of titanium ore is the main source of domestic, domestic titanium ore accounts for about 70% of the total consumption, but also need to import a large number of titanium ore from abroad.The state restricts the export of ilmenite, and the export volume is very low.
China's titanium dioxide production enterprises to sulfuric acid titanium dioxide process.The production capacity of titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method accounts for 80% of the total production capacity; the production capacity of chlorination method accounts for 18% of the total production capacity; the production capacity of hydrochloric acid method accounts for 2% of the total production capacity.At present, in the production of 43 titanium dioxide production enterprises, the majority of enterprises using sulfuric acid process. Among them, 37 enterprises only sulfuric acid process; 2 enterprises pure chlorination method (CITIC Titanium Industry, Yibin Tianyuan Haifeng and Hetai);3 enterprises have both sulfuric acid and chlorination process (Longbai, Panzhihua Steel Vanadium and Titanium, Lubei Chemical);1 company (Kuncai Technology) hydrochloric acid process.
In the production of titanium dioxide in China, the sulfuric acid method accounts for 87% and the chlorination method accounts for 13%. In 2022, the first set of industrialized hydrochloric acid method titanium dioxide plant built by Kuncai Technology has just been put into production, and the output of hydrochloric acid method is extremely low and can be ignored.
The state has issued a series of relevant industry policies to encourage the titanium dioxide industry to optimize the product structure of sulfuric acid method and chlorination method. Encourage enterprises to give priority to the use of chlorination, give priority to the construction of more than 30000 tons/year of chlorination titanium dioxide production capacity. For the sulfuric acid method, limit and eliminate the sulfuric acid method capacity of less than 30000 tons/year, but will not limit the continued construction of sulfuric acid method capacity of more than 30000 tons/year.
Enterprises actively adjust the direction of industrial development, new construction, expansion of production capacity of more than 3.66 million tons/year
Under the guidance of policies, industry enterprises actively adjust the direction of industrial development. According to public information, a total of 11 titanium dioxide planned new construction and expansion projects, with a total production capacity of 3.66 million tons/year, of which: chlorination method 1.86 million tons/year, sulfuric acid method 700000 tons/year, hydrochloric acid method 1.1 million tons/year (2025 600000 tons/year).
In order to solve the huge amount of titanium dioxide waste produced by sulfuric acid process and the tight supply of titanium dioxide raw materials by chlorination process, high titanium slag (TiO2 content ≥ 75%) products with relatively low iron content and relatively high titanium content are also being developed in China. However, because China's titanium ore is mainly calcium oxide, magnesium oxide content of high rock ore, as a raw material output of high titanium slag can not well meet the requirements of titanium dioxide production process. At the same time, the level of industrial production technology still needs to be improved. At present, the high titanium slag industry is small in scale and slow in development, and it cannot completely replace titanium ore as the main raw material for the downstream titanium dioxide industry.
The downstream of titanium dioxide is mainly used in the coating industry, followed by plastics and paper industry.It is expected that in the next 10 years, the growth rate of domestic titanium dioxide consumption is basically equivalent to that of domestic GDP; the growth rate of export volume is equivalent to that of global GDP; the import volume of titanium dioxide remains basically stable.With the continuous expansion of domestic titanium dioxide production capacity, the total capacity of the industry in the future or will gradually surplus.
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